Thirteen Rules of Basketball - James Naismith

Basketball is an original American game invented by Dr. James Naismith in 1891. He designed it with rules of its own. These are the rules published in January 1892 in the school newspaper where he instituted the game. The rules set out a game that is a non-contact sport played indoors. They are familiar enough that those who enjoy basketball over 100 years later will recognize it as the same sport. While there are other, newer rules, these still form the heart of the game. Original 13 Rules of Basketball by James Naismith 1. The ball may be thrown in any direction with one or both hands.Current rule: This is still a current rule, except that now the team isnt allowed to pass it back over the midcourt line once they have taken it over that line. 2. The ball may be batted in any direction with one or both hands, but never with the fist.Current rule: This is still a current rule. 3. A player cannot run with the ball. The player must throw it from the spot on which he catches it, allowance to be made for a man running at good speed.Current rule: Players can dribble the ball with one hand as they run or pass, but they cant run with the ball when catching a pass. 4.  The ball must be held by the hands. The arms or body must not be used for holding it.Current rule: Still applies, it would be a traveling violation. 5.  No shouldering, holding, pushing, striking or tripping in any way of an opponent. The first infringement of this rule by any person shall count as a foul; the second shall disqualify him until the next goal is made or, if there was evident intent to injure the person, for the whole of the game. No substitution shall be allowed.Current rule: These actions are fouls and a player may be disqualified with five or six fouls or get an ejection or suspension with a flagrant foul. 6.  A foul is striking at the ball with the fist, violations of Rules 3 and 4 and such as described in Rule 5.Current rule: Still applies. 7.  If either side makes three consecutive fouls it shall count as a goal for the opponents (consecutive means without the opponents in the meantime making a foul).Current rule: Instead of an automatic goal, sufficient team fouls (five in a quarter for NBA play) now award bonus free throws attempts to the opposing team. 8.  A goal shall be made when the ball is thrown or batted from the grounds into the basket and stays there, providing those defending the goal do no touch or disturb the goal. If the ball rests on the edges, and the opponent moves the basket, it shall count as a goal.Current rule: In the original game, the basket was a basket and not a hoop with a net. This rule evolved into the goaltending and defense pass interference rules. Defenders cant touch the rim of the hoop once the ball has been shot. 9.  When the ball goes out of bounds, it shall be thrown into the field and played by the first person touching it. In case of dispute the umpire shall throw it straight into the field. The thrower-in is allowed five seconds. If he holds it longer, it shall go to the opponent. If any side persists in delaying the game, the umpire shall call a foul on them.Current rule: The ball is now thrown in by a player from the opposite team of the player who last touched it before it went out of bounds. The 5-second rule is still operative. 10. The umpire shall be the judge of the men and shall note the fouls and notify the referee when three consecutive fouls have been made. He shall have the power to disqualify men according to Rule 5.Current rule: In NBA basketball, there are three referees. 11.  The referee shall be the judge of the ball and shall decide when the ball is in play, in bounds, to which side it belongs, and shall keep the time. He shall decide when a goal has been made and keep account of the goals, with any other duties that are usually performed by a referee.Current rule: Timekeepers and scorekeepers now do some of these tasks, while the referee determines ball possession. 12. The time shall be two fifteen-minute halves, with five minutes rest between.Current rule: This varies by the level of play, such as high school and collegiate. In the NBA, there are four quarters, each 12 minutes long, with a 15-minute halftime break. 13. The side making the most goals in that time shall be declared the winner.  Current: The winner is now decided by points. In the NBA, five-minute overtime periods are played in case of a tie at the end of the fourth quarter, with the point total at the end determining the winner. If still tied, they play another overtime period. More: The History of Basketball and Dr. James Naismith

Case Study Alzheimer’S Disease. Mary Wipf. Phgy 220- Gerald

Case Study: Alzheimer’s Disease Mary Wipf PHGY 220- Gerald McGraw April 2, 2017 In the world, there are new cases of dementia for somewhere between 10 and 15 people per 1000. Five to eight per 1000 are cases of Alzheimer’s. Dementia is a term that simply defines a mentally deteriorated condition. Alzheimer’s is a type of dementia. Alzheimer’s disease is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disease and is the most common cause of dementia in older people. Alzheimer’s is a disease of the brain and it has little impact on the body beyond what happens as an indirect result of behavior associated with the disease. Because it is often secondary results of Alzheimer’s Disease that cause death, such as pneumonia and†¦show more content†¦Genetics are believed to play a part in being susceptible to getting Alzheimer’s disease. As Elaine Marieb and Katja Hoehn write, â€Å"One form of Alzheimer’s disease is caused by an inherited mutation in the gene for APP, which suggests that too much beta-amyloid may be tox ic† (416). Other factors believed to be contributing to getting Alzheimer’s disease are high blood pressure, head injuries, and depression. Alzheimer’s disease is not contagious and therefore is not communicable disease. Initial signs and symptoms are rather mild during the early stages. It might not be noticeable at first. They are not exactly the same for everyone, but most people have difficulty learning new things and recalling pieces of new information. As it progresses, victims of the disease forget more and more information. They struggle to communicate and travel as they’re increasingly unable to remember important information needed for these functions. In the latest stages, Alzheimer’s patients lose even more of their memory, which makes it hard for them to perform even the most basic functions, such as walking and eating. They have difficulty sleeping, they get agitated, they hallucinate, and they have to be helped in almost any and all endeavors, even to the most basic of functions. (this paragraph all from https://www.alzheimers.org.uk/info/20007/types_of_dementia/2/alzheimers_disease/2) Currently, treatment of the disease consists of maintaining mental functions and managing behavioral

The Importance of the First Two Scenes in King Lear

The Importance of the First Two Scenes in King Lear King Lear, as I see it, confronts the perplexity and mystery of human action. (Shakespeares Middle Tragedies, 169) As the previous quotation from the scriptures of Maynard Mack implies, King Lear is a very complex and intricate play which happens to be surrounded by a lot of debate. The folio of 1623, which was, as is well known, edited by two of Shakespeares fellow actors (Notes and Essays on Shakespeare, 242), contains not only historical errors, but errors which pertain to certain characters speaking other characters lines. Amidst all the controversy one fact can be settled upon by all; King Lear is one of Shakespeares best tragedies.†¦show more content†¦The fact that the two most important pieces of plot information are structuralized in the two opening scenes of the play add a profound amount of credit towards Marilyn Frenchs opinion that everything about the play hangs on the first two scenes. The plot of King Lear is not the only part of the play that rests on the first two scenes. An enormous amount of the dialogue is specifically used to reveal the values and morals of each character. It is very important to know the values that each character has in order to have a greater understanding of why the play unfolds the way it does. For example, it would be hard to believe that Goneril and Reagan could be so contemptible to their own father, without the incident in the first scene where both Goneril and Reagan show that they are morally corrupt, by making exaggerated claims of love and devotion to their father. The first scene plays a huge role in disclosing the views of Lear, Goneril, Reagan, and Cordelia while the second scene exposes Edmund for what he really is. The views of King Lear himself are more apparent in the first scene than the views of any other character. When the play starts out, Lear is very much in control of his kingdom but the very first scene gives us a hint of how Lear is going to loseShow MoreRelatedImportance of Self Knowledge and Forgiveness in King Lear Essay1215 Words   |  5 PagesThe importance of self-knowledge and forgiveness is strikingly obvious in the play King Lear. If we accept that the two characters most lacking in self-knowledge are Lear and Gloucester, we can examine how the importance of this quality for them is shown in the play. Whilst these two characters lack self-knowledge, the world around them quickly deteriorates. As a result of their lack of insight, evil is given space to breed and take over, and Lear and Gloucester are forced to suffer as â€Å"love coolsRead MoreEssay foolear Importance of the Fool in Shakespeares King Lear1195 Words   |  5 PagesImportance of the Fool in King Lear    William Shakespeares genius came from how closely he intertwined the two seemingly mutually exclusive realms to appeal to all socio-economic groups in his audience. The character of the Fool provides the closest intercourse of the two realms between King Lears royalty and Poor Toms poverty, while still maintaining their separation. The Fools role in King Lear was to counteract the Kings follies in order to bring him to his senses. With his honestyRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s King Lear971 Words   |  4 PagesKing Lear Exam Question In all genres there are stereotypical elements. 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Whether Kent is an example of the dutiful servant or plays the intermediary between Lear and Cordelia he is essential to the functioning of the plot.    The role of Kent is important because of the use Shakespeare has for his characterRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Othello And Timon Of Athens1259 Words   |  6 PagesOf the many people to have critiqued King Lear, A.C. Bradley arguably does the most through job as seen in Lecture VII and VIII of his work Shakespearean Tragedy. In Lecture VII, Bradley begins by discussing the similarities King Lear has to Shakespeare’s other works including Othello and Timon of Athens (245-246). For instance, in Othello, Iago reminds of Edmund and Othello’s trickery reminds us of the deceitfulness of Gloucester. 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Trait Emotional Intelligence and Leadership †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Trait Emotional Intelligence and Leadership. Answer: Introduction: The main argument in this article is that in order to adapt to the complex variables and balance the cultural diversity in an environment, the leaders has to become flexible to the context. According to the author of this article, there are different leadership style for different context and but the situation model of leadership is adaptable to any situation. This means that leader deals with the situation based on the way situation arrives. The article also indicates that in other leadership style, the leader plays the role of motivating others to get the job done but it remains difficult for leaders to connect to people with his/her style. For example, in autocratic leadership, leaders often find it difficult to manage the situation, due to poor understanding of the situation caused by lack of communication. Thereby, Doyle and Hungerford (2015) arguably mentioned that situational model of leadership is appropriate because here the leaders communicate with others and adapt to the s ituation to achieve the goals. In addition, in order to achieve the ultimate goals, the leaders react to the context the way it demands. Another significant argumentative point in the article is that author claims that in other leadership style, the leaders follow a particular style and set of principles to gain the outcome but in Situational leadership, the leaders create new principles that are relevant to situation only. The reader of this article need to be aware of the fact that such situational leadership style can be applied to some particular situations only such as the Australian context where the indigenous people are reluctant to follow particular principles of one individual. Thus, to gain the outcome, leaders develop their principles the way people want it. Another fact is that the article considers only one situation- a mental health nurse but to rely on authors statement, a few more situations or context required. The article did not provide any data where it is proved that other leadership style are not appropriate for indigenous people in Australia. On the other side, the article did not provide any particular method or activity that leader applied and derived the desired outcome. So it can be assumed that if the sample size involves a few more but different types of population, the result could be different.The author conducted the research to identify how a situational model of leader ship can resolve the issues such as addressing the complex needs such as mental health, self-harm and violence of indigenous people in Australia. The author uses qualitative research method where one particular respondent was involved to collect feedback and examine the issue. With the help of a narrative research approach, the author used the personal reflection to identify the issues. The research questions cover the leadership skills and type of leadership required. Particular, the author used spoken words, storytelling method and visual presentation. The narrative research approach used in the article by the validation of the audience and the method is appropriate because it is a significant part of social science investigation. However, this method may not always stand alone for evidence and support for the support of implication of the research because this method has to be accepted on its own merit such as the individual experience.The ultimate finding of the article helps to state that when a context of indigenous people requires the need for adoption to complex variables and balance of cultural diversity, leadership style must include an extending focus of mindfulness. The findings also imply that there could many situations with varied context, and to deal those different contexts, different leadership style should be implemented. The study particularly discovered that leadership, especially in the indigenous perspective, should be acceptable and owned by both the leader and the people living in the communities in Australia. The findings assure that such leadership style is suitable for the betterment of indigenous people in Australia and even it is appropriate for all who follow indigenous culture. Finally, it can be concluded when a situation consists of complex issues, the need for cultural diversity and social expectation, the leadership style should be flexible to both the people around the leader and the leader himself/herself. Identifying and discussing main ideas in this article relevant to themes The idea gained from this article is how leadership can be developed and applied to resolve issues and bring situation under control. Theme was to resolve the issues such as complex variables, maintaining diversity and other issues in the indigenous community in Australia. Thus, to deal with situation, the idea of discussing different leadership style and then applying a suitable one, which is relevant to the context, is appropriate. Another idea gained from this article is how leadership is important for smaller organizational context such as motivation. Furthermore, it is also observed that situational consideration and core beliefs can influence a leadership style in the work context. The core idea associated with aim of the research is how leadership can contribute to the betterment of any complex context including the workplace or the community. The article entirely focused on the fact that how indigenous leadership can be helpful for future leaders when they are dealing with a complex situation of managing people. So, the theme was to identify the importance of leadership in organizational context and how leadership can be enhanced to overcome the situational challenges. The idea provided in the article indicates that leadership style can be developed by incorporating culture and beliefs into the approaches. For example, if a manager of Coles in Australia is sent to a Middle East nation, where the company operates. Several issues such as cultural differences, work habit and timing could be different in the host nation from Australia. In such context, the manager or leader cannot just command people to get the work done. Here, the leader has to embrace the culture and trends of that particular region in Middle East. The leader must show that he/she respects and values the regional culture. Understanding the culture, trends, beliefs, the leader has to develop principles of work that are acceptable to the people work there for the company.The real management dilemma and problems are usually dynamic but an organization could face the issue of racial discrimination, workplace diversity where people do not say or do things that against their culture and belief. The organization could face the issue where the employees do not find the leadership comfortable. In such context, leadership values, ethics and beliefs should be incorporated or aligned with the belief and culture that people working in the organization follow. Such practice makes people understand that their organization values their opinions and beliefs; So, employee develop a sense of trust on the leaders and their leadership style. In order to deal with any complex situation in the workplace, it is always mandatory for the leaders to understand the needs of that particular such as what the situation actually demands. Likewise, based on the type of situation, the leadership should react or develop their leadership principle. For example, an autocratic leadership style may not be suitable for situations where people of different cultural background work together. In such situation, the leader has to develop a healthy communication with the people. Thereby, the people at the workplace understand that their leader is supportive, approachable and respect other belief.Indirect Quote: Threshold of emotion-based self-evaluation required for holding managerial positions is specifically high for women; the women with high emotional self-perception could pursue managerial profession (Siegling, Nielsen Petrides, 2014, p.67)Direct Quote: In their research title Emotional intelligence, leadership effectiveness, and team out comes Melita Prati, Douglas, Ferris, Ammeter and Buckley (2003, p.23) asserted that In addition to the changes in leader roles, employees have been placed in positions of self-management, and are held directly accountable for their performance. Many are required to work in teams in order to accomplish complex organizational objectives. References Siegling, A. B., Nielsen, C., Petrides, K. V. (2014). Trait emotional intelligence and leadership in a European multinational company.Personality and Individual Differences,65, 65-68. Melita Prati, L., Douglas, C., Ferris, G. R., Ammeter, A. P., Buckley, M. R. (2003). Emotional intelligence, leadership effectiveness, and team outcomes. The International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 11(1), 21-40. Doyle, K. and Hungerford, C., 2015. Leadership as a personal journey: An indigenous perspective.Issues in mental health nursing,36(5), pp.336-345